New pedagogical thought

Practice of scientific and methodological support of educational technologization to meet the needs of the New ukrainian school

Alla Cherniy — 2025-07-09

The article explores modern approaches to the technologization of education in the context of the New Ukrainian School reform. The authors emphasize the growing importance of technologization as a key component in renewing the educational environment and ensuring the high-quality training of pedagogical personnel in accordance with current societal demands. Given global challenges related to scientific and technological progress, digitalization, and the transformation of educational content and forms, the article substantiates the need for comprehensive scientific and methodological support within the system of postgraduate pedagogical education.

The study focuses on the Interdepartmental Scientific and Methodological Center for the Technologization of Education, established at the Rivne Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education. The article details the principles of its operation, organizational structure, key tasks, and functional priorities. Methodological Center for the Technologization of Education is positioned as a hub of innovative pedagogy, designed to develop, test, and disseminate effective educational technologies tailored to the needs of the New Ukrainian School.

Special attention is given to the practical application of these technologies by teachers, the development of their research and innovative potential, and the formation of a new didactics aligned with the standards of New Ukrainian School. The article presents concrete examples of innovative practices implemented in educational institutions in the Rivne region. These include schools-laboratories focusing on labor values, intercultural communication, and music education—serving as experimental grounds for the implementation and testing of novel educational technologies. Such initiatives are supported by regional education projects and institutions.

In conclusion, the article asserts that the activities of Methodological Center for the Technologization of Education promote the development of an innovative educational environment at the Institute, facilitating collaboration among scholars, methodologists, and practitioners. This allows for the implementation of regional educational experiments and the creation of favorable conditions for the large-scale integration of technological solutions into the New Ukrainian School educational space.

The New ukrainian school in the context of full-scale war: challenges of implementation and development prospects

Tetyana Bevz — 2025-07-09

The article explores the peculiarities of implementing the New Ukrainian School reform during the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war. It analyses changes in financial support, legal framework, human resources, and material-technical base of educational institutions. The research identifies a significant slowdown in the pace of reform caused by the armed aggression, particularly at the level of basic secondary education. A substantial part of the educational budget was redirected to meet the needs of national defense.

Special attention is paid to the absence of a legally defined term «New Ukrainian School» in the current legislation, shortages of qualified teachers, insufficient funding for textbook publishing, and the low remuneration of educators. Despite these obstacles, the article highlights positive developments: the resilience of core New Ukrainian School principles within school environments, the initiative and adaptability of the educational community, and the resumption of targeted state funding in September 2023. These factors collectively indicate the sustained political significance of the reform even amid national crisis. The article also outlines future research directions, including regional comparative studies, analyses of the psycho-emotional state of participants in the educational process, and evaluation of digital learning tools applied under wartime conditions.

The Analytical Report «Education during War: The Experience of Ukrainian Schools» (2024) summarizes the experience of adapting Ukrainian educational institutions to work under martial law and analyzes the problems that Ukrainian secondary education institutions faced during a full-scale invasion. The findings may be of interest to educators, policymakers, researchers, and all stakeholders engaged in the transformation of Ukraine’s educational system.

Implementation of a personally oriented approach in the educational process of the New ukrainian school

Tetiana Havlitina — 2025-07-09

The article explores the learner centered approach as a key component of the reformed educational process within the context of the New Ukrainian School. The author analyzes the content, objectives, and features of implementing this approach in the modern Ukrainian educational system, emphasizing its significance for shaping a competent, independent, and responsible learner. The learner centered approach acts as the methodological foundation for realizing the philosophy of child-centrism, which is at the heart of New Ukrainian School educational reform, aimed at nurturing active citizens, innovators, and patriots.

The relevance of the topic is driven by social transformations and new challenges that demand flexibility from education, the ability to respond to evolving needs, and the capacity to ensure not only the transmission of knowledge but also the personal development of each student as a unique subject of the learning process. In this context, the New Ukrainian School calls for the systemic implementation of a competency-based approach, where the learner-centered methodology provides a human dimension to learning. It ensures the integrity of the educational process and supports the formation of self-sufficient, motivated individuals capable of self-development and self-realization.

Special attention is given to the outcomes of learner-centered education, which include not only academic achievements but also personal transformation: the development of thinking, creativity, emotional intelligence, decision-making skills, and self-actualization. The learner becomes the architect of their own life path, capable of adapting to change and initiating innovation.

The conclusions emphasize that the learner-centered approach is not merely a methodology, but a humanistic philosophy that recognizes the dignity, uniqueness, and potential of every child. It underpins the formation of XXI century competencies such as critical thinking, creativity, communication, collaboration, adaptability, and emotional intelligence. Implementing this approach requires systemic changes in content, methods, assessment, learning environments, and, most importantly, teacher roles and student positions.

Professional self-development strategies for educators in contemporary educational settings

Tetiana Kovbasyuk — 2025-07-10

The article explores the issue of professional self-development of educators in modern educational contexts. It analyzes theoretical approaches, identifies key determinants of effectiveness, and examines factors that facilitate or hinder the process. The research combines a review of contemporary scientific literature with empirical data from an independent anonymous survey of educators conducted in December 2024. The findings highlight that self-improvement is crucial for career growth, adaptation to innovations, and the enhancement of teaching quality.

Effective self-development relies on internal and external factors. Internal determinants include motivation, self-regulation, creativity, and openness to innovation, while external factors involve administrative support, access to educational resources, financial incentives, and participation in professional communities. Self-assessment and reflection play a key role, enabling educators to analyze their practices, refine teaching methods, and improve pedagogical efficiency.

The study identifies key barriers such as excessive workload, financial constraints, and limited institutional support. Many educators face a lack of structured professional development programs and insufficient access to modern learning technologies, hindering continuous learning. The integration of digital tools, including online platforms, virtual seminars, and adaptive learning systems, is recognized as a vital strategy for overcoming these challenges and broadening opportunities for lifelong learning.

The article concludes that fostering a supportive educational environment, implementing targeted self-improvement strategies, and integrating innovative methodologies are critical for sustainable professional growth. Future research should focus on developing comprehensive self-development models, optimizing digital resource use, and enhancing motivation systems that encourage lifelong learning among teachers.

Assessment of educational services in a general secondary education institution in the context of inclusive education

Vadym Luniachek — 2025-07-10

The article considers the issue of assessing the quality of educational services in general secondary education institutions in the context of inclusive education. For this purpose, a survey was conducted in a general secondary education institution in the Kyivskyi district of Kharkiv, which allowed to collect a solid information base on this issue. The paper provides a theoretical analysis of the problem of assessing educational services in educational institutions with inclusive form of education. It is proved that the number of studies devoted to assessing the quality of inclusive education is insufficient.

Attention is focused on the need for systematic monitoring in accordance with the requirements of the Laws of Ukraine «On Education», «On Complete General Secondary Education» and the Concept of the New Ukrainian School. The survey results analyzed in this paper show that the positive dynamics of the development of an inclusive educational environment is observed in the following aspects: high level of organization of spatial conditions for the implementation of inclusive education in the vast majority of institutions; high level of adaptation of teaching materials and teaching methods; full coverage of pedagogical workers with special training; positive perception of students with special educational needs by teachers and neurotypical students; active involvement of parents in the educational process.

The main problems in the organization of an inclusive environment in general secondary education institutions were identified: pedagogical workers’ lack of experience in working with students with special educational needs; uneven resource provision of institutions; weak external methodological support; psychological discomfort of students and teachers; online format of the educational process. It was concluded that the current urgent problem is the need to systematize teacher training programs, focusing on the practical aspects of inclusion; develop mechanisms for the even distribution of material and technical support between educational institutions; expand external methodological support for pedagogical workers; and provide psychological support to all participants of the educational process.

Professional self-development of teachers: modern trends

Nadia Melnyk — 2025-07-10

The article examines modern trends in professional self-development of teachers of secondary education institutions in the context of implementing a new competency-based paradigm of education. The focus is on the features of the New Ukrainian School reform and the need to integrate global educational technologies into the educational process, the continuity of education and the role of scientific and methodological support, which begins the formation of a system of continuous professional development and self-development of a teacher and increasing teacher's level of pedagogical activity, on the importance of digital transformation, the implementation of inclusive education strategies, the development of soft skills and the individualization of teacher's professional way.

The content, main directions of effective professional self-development and instruments, that contribute to the improvement of professional competence of teachers are outlined. The need to ensure the proactivity of teachers’ self-development in the education system, the implementation of certain directions in the conditions of new professional and educational standards, the development of professional competencies and skills of pedagogical workers, the creation of appropriate organizational and pedagogical conditions of continuous professional self-development of teachers as an important factor in solving the tasks of the New Ukrainian School is proven.

Pedagogical conditions for the professional training of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel of the engineering troops of the armed forces of Ukraine

Volodymyr Rodikov — 2025-07-10

The pedagogical conditions for the professional training of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel of the engineering troops of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as factors determining the effectiveness of this process, must take into account current trends in the development of knowledge regarding military specialist training. They should adhere to international standards for cadet education in performing military-professional tasks and rely on the potential of modern digital tools, applications, platform solutions, and technologies in organising the cadets’ educational process.

From the perspective of achieving the objectives of our scientific inquiry, it is considered that pedagogical conditions must reflect an interconnected and interdependent set of organisational and methodological measures that ensure the effectiveness of implementing the author’s model for the professional training system of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel of the engineering troops of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. These are realised through various pedagogical influences within the interactions of «instructor-cadet», «cadet-cadet», «cadet-group of cadets» and «cadet-digital educational environment».

It is concluded that, in general, the pedagogical conditions for the professional training of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel of the engineering troops of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are aimed at: fostering stable motivation for the quality and effective performance of professional duties; enriching cadets’ information awareness regarding the specifics of engineering support for troops in different combat situations; developing special skills and physical attributes; ensuring moral and psychological resilience and willpower in cadets.

Use of online resources in teaching mathematics of students of general secondary education institutions

Nataliia Krutova — 2025-07-12

The article highlights the possibilities of using online resources in the educational process in teaching mathematics to students. The focus is on the development of modern digital technologies and the implementation of the educational process in the form of distance and blended learning as a current challenge of modern realities. The research of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on the application of blended learning in the information society, the use of information and communication technologies by teachers of natural and mathematical disciplines is analyzed. The choice and feasibility of educational resources and digital tools for conducting an educational lesson in accordance with the age category of students is characterized. Taking into account the competency approach, four levels of mastery of mathematical disciplines are identified: reproductive, algorithmic, heuristic, research.

Online resources that provide mathematics education at these levels are presented. A modern overview of general-purpose online platforms is presented (All-Ukrainian School Online, My Class, LogicLike, Khan Academy) and specialized online resources for use in the study of mathematics (Novatika, OnlineMSchool, Formula). Each resource has its own didactic functions, purpose, methodological and technical capabilities. A review of resources that are focused on the development of mathematical reasoning, the formation of thinking, conducting interactive scientific and mathematical research and virtual experiments is made. The involvement of modern online resources and services in the educational process allows the teacher to solve the issues of constructing the content of educational material, personalized learning, differentiation of tasks, stimulation of various creative activities, as well as interaction with students using information and communication technologies. It is determined that online resources, thanks to interactive tools, visualization and adaptive methods, provide various types of activities in the process of studying mathematics. The impact of online resources on the individualization of students' learning is assessed.

Use of modern information and communication technologies in the process of teaching chemistry disciplines in a higher educational institution

Oksana Mysina — 2025-07-12

The article addresses the problem of implementing information and communication technologies (ICT) in teaching chemical disciplines in a technical institution of higher education. The relevance of information educational technologies is due to the fact that they improve the higher education system and make the educational process more efficient. The importance of using ICT in teaching chemical disciplines is emphasized, which allows to intensify and optimize the learning process, accelerate the knowledge and experience transfer and improve the quality of teaching. Attention is focused on the fact that modern ICT is a necessary and effective tool in the training of future highly qualified specialists in technical, environmental, agricultural, and water management profiles. A list of the main platforms and services used to conduct online training at the National University of Water and Environmental Engineering is provided. The importance of maintaining a personal electronic account by the teacher, which should reflect the educational and methodological support of all disciplines taught by the teacher, and fill them in the Moodle system, has been determined. It is proposed to introduce virtual laboratories and digital simulations that will allow hazardous chemical reactions to be carried out without physical contact with substances. The possibilities of using ICT to create interactive knowledge testing (current module and final control) are emphasized. The use of ICT allows you to increase the information competence of a teacher in the field of IT technologies by maintaining an electronic account and a profile on social networks. Attention is focused on the fact that in updating educational and methodological support with ICT tools, the organization of work with the electronic portfolio of a teacher-scientist is important.

Using interactive platforms in the physics learning process in general secondary education institutions

Vadim Mulyar — 2025-07-12

The article reveals the didactic possibilities of network technologies and resources in the process of teaching physics in general secondary education institutions. It is emphasized that the use of network technologies in the educational process contributes to the formation of information and digital competence in its participants, which involves the ability to use digital tools for learning or in professional activities. Using the example of PhET Interactive Simulations, it is shown that the study of physical phenomena and processes with the help of modeling software systems becomes possible due to the researcher’s ability to choose a strategy for solving a learning task, his ability to single out the essential in the screen image, abstracting from the secondary, the ability to analyze the behavior of graphic objects, and on the basis of the obtained results, draw conclusions about the behavior of real objects. It is established that such systems can serve as the basis for conducting both qualitative and quantitative experiments, which are different degrees of penetration into the essence of physical phenomena. In the first case, the qualitative dependencies of the studied phenomenon on certain factors are revealed. In the second case – quantitative dependencies are determined, expressing them with the help of mathematical functions or equations.

It is emphasized that computer modeling can be justified only when the phenomenon, process or installation cannot be shown to students in its natural form. Using the example of LearningApps, it is shown that network resources make it possible to create interactive tasks and exercises in physics, which can be further used at different stages of the lesson or in extracurricular time. Their application in the educational process contributes to the activation of students' educational and cognitive activities, increases their interest in the study of physics, and develops their creative abilities. Such interactive platforms are characterized by ease of use, accessibility, and adaptability to various didactic tasks.

Digital space as a tool for national solidarity: innovative approaches

Dmytro Treitiak — 2025-07-12

The article examines the effectiveness of using digital tools in the process of forming national solidarity among high school students. The results of the study are disclosed, during which the most effective methods of interaction with students were identified, which contribute to strengthening national unity among participants.

It was determined that, according to the results of the study, the most effective methods of cultivating national solidarity in high school students using digital technologies were such methods as: educational hours using interactive materials, interactive quizzes, games using the capabilities of artificial intelligence systems, challenges and virtual excursions, information guides and online debates.

The article examines the most successful methods and characterizes why they had the greatest success and contributed to achieving the set goal. The results of the study showed that interactive classes with students contribute to the exchange of ideas and a common understanding of history and cultural traditions. Platforms for joint creation of visual materials and joint projects allow students to actively interact and collaborate in the digital space, which contributes to the formation of a sense of cohesion and solidarity. The most effective tools of the digital space for achieving the goals of the study were identified as platforms for online communications, interactive web resources with access to archival materials and web tools for creating multimedia presentations, as well as artificial intelligence systems. These tools contribute to the involvement of students in the active study of history and cultural heritage, which is an important element of the formation of national solidarity.

School textbook on ukrainian literature as a tool for forming students cultural competence

Mariana Yahnych — 2025-07-12

The article analyzes the educational and methodological support for Ukrainian literature in grades 5–7 in the context of inter-artistic connections. The textbooks are reviewed, the level of implementation of cultural competence is assessed in accordance with the State Standard of Basic Secondary Education. Special attention is paid to inter-media analysis, which helps to establish connections between literature and other types of art, in particular painting, music and cinema. The study shows that school textbooks provide for an artistic context in the study of Ukrainian literature, integrating various types of art for an in-depth understanding of artistic texts. The analysis of school textbooks showed that the authors proposed a number of headings (“In the circle of arts!”, “Literature in the circle of arts”, “Artistic dialogues”, etc.) dedicated to inter-artistic connections.

The article emphasizes the need to introduce intermedia analysis tools, which will allow students to develop the ability to more deeply interpret literary works through the prism of other art forms. It is proven that although school textbooks lay the foundation for interartistic analysis, they still need improvement in the direction of developing the methodology of interaction between literature and art. A promising direction for further research is the development of effective methods for applying intermedia analysis in school education.

Formation of the readiness of the student cultural and educational environment of the higher educational institution for inclusion

Alla Kochubei — 2025-07-12

The article considers the problem of educational inclusion in higher education, the formation of equal access to education for all citizens regardless of any discriminatory characteristics; the implementation of inclusive education at all levels, from primary general to full higher education; the transformation of higher education institutions into inclusive educational spaces that support all participants in the educational process.

Modern theories of inclusive education, key factors of the philosophy of inclusion in the higher education system, in particular, institutional and organizational (the ability at the state, private or public level to create an inclusive space in a higher education institution) are analyzed. human-dimensional (individual and public perception of the idea of inclusion as a fundamental and unalternative humanistic and democratic value), which, in the process of implementing inclusion in higher education, takes into account the psychological characteristics of students with disabilities and the barriers that arise during joint education (low general level of theoretical training and uncompetitiveness of applicants with disabilities compared to normative applicants, unpreparedness of the material base and staff of higher education institutions for teaching students with disabilities, unpreparedness of modern scientific and pedagogical workers to work in an inclusive educational environment, unsuitability of traditional pedagogical methods and forms of training for work in an inclusive educational environment, unpreparedness of the student cultural and educational environment for inclusion).

The following components of the psychological readiness of the student cultural and educational environment for inclusion are outlined: psychological adaptation and development of educational work with students on issues of joint learning in the form of involvement in cultural programs and excursions, creation of clubs for communication of students with special educational needs and provision of support to their classmates.

The concept of psychological readiness of the student cultural and educational environment for inclusion is defined. The pedagogical conditions for the formation of psychological readiness of the student cultural and educational environment for inclusion in higher education institutions are substantiated.

Peculiarities of preparing students with disabilities for professional activity in medical educational institutions

Nataliya Dub — 2025-07-12

The problem of ensuring the inclusiveness of the educational space in the conditions of medical educational institutions for students with disabilities is analyzed. The introduction of inclusive education in the field of training students with disabilities is a relevant problem worldwide today. The practical experience of implementing inclusive education in the system of higher medical education is summarized, which indicates the need to increase the level of teachers' mastery of special methods and technologies for working with students with disabilities. It was determined that students with disabilities studying in medical educational institutions feel an increased need to create a system of comprehensive support. The important tasks of psychological and pedagogical support for students with disabilities during their studies in medical educational institutions include the formation of effective learning skills; psychological adaptation to the conditions of the educational institution, the learning process and the student body; the development of motivation for self-education and personal self-improvement in students with disabilities, etc. It is summarized that ensuring inclusive education for students with disabilities in medical universities is based on taking into account the following features: promoting the improvement of the competence of the teaching staff of medical educational institutions in the field of organizing inclusive interaction and implementing adaptive educational technologies; maximizing efforts to improve the material and technical base of medical educational institutions in order to ensure accessibility for students with various types of health disorders; creating a tolerant environment; developing an institution of inclusive volunteering among student youth; raising awareness of students with disabilities about the peculiarities of professional activities; introducing innovative technologies in the implementation of comprehensive psychological and pedagogical support for the education of students with disabilities in medical universities.

Pedagogical conditions of forming communication abilities (soft skills) of nurses in a medical professional college

Iryna Borak — 2025-07-12

The article is devoted to a key aspect of preparing nurses for professional activity in medical professional colleges in the current crisis conditions, namely the formation of their communication skills (soft skills). The article presents an analysis of the works of modern Ukrainian and foreign scholars, which form the basis of the detailed study. In particular, the content of such leading scientific categories as: «conditions», «pedagogical conditions» and their difference from the concept of «factors» is clarified.

The primary attention is focused on the substantiation of pedagogical conditions for forming future nurses' communicative abilities during the educational process in a medical professional college based on a person-oriented approach. It is predicted that the set of selected pedagogical conditions, which are interrelated and complement each other, will contribute to the optimization of the studied phenomenon. The publication identifies four key pedagogical conditions for the formation of communication abilities (soft skills) of future specialists: improving the content of training of nurses in regards to the formation of communication abilities (soft skills), introducing modern teaching methods; strengthening the motivation of future nurses to self-educate and self-organise activities in order to form communication abilities (soft skills); establishing an effective «subject-subject» interaction between all participants in the educational process according to the presentation of the «teacher-student» scheme on the basis of person- oriented learning; enrichment of the toolkit of communication means for the formation of the ability to establish effective communication in the process of professional activity.

Attention is also paid to innovative and traditional forms and methods of activating the process of forming students’ communicative abilities as an important component of their professional formation and personal development.

Pedagogical partnership between school and family: features of parental involvement in the educational process

Oksana Kovalyshyn — 2025-07-12

The article examines the pedagogical partnership of school and family in the context of involving parents in the educational process as a basis for creating a trusting environment that contributes to the harmonious development of the child's personality and improving the quality of education. The concept of partnership pedagogy and its place in the Concept of the «New Ukrainian School» are highlighted. The main requirements and rules for organizing a partnership between school and family are established, which are formed by building democratic communication. The principles of pedagogical partnership and the model of six types of parental involvement according to J. Epstein (parenthood, communication, voluntary work, homeschooling, decision-making and cooperation with the community) are outlined, which became the basis for building a partnership between school, family and community. The directions of the class teacher’s activity in interaction with parents, the principles of organizing cooperation (natural and cultural correspondence, subject-subject interaction, motivation, orientation on the experience of parents, creativity, systematicity, reflexivity and effectiveness) and the factors that ensure its effectiveness are analyzed. The system of modern forms of communication, flexible formats of involving parents in the educational process is highlighted, in particular, the role and place of digital tools as a means of communication between the school and the family are clarified, the importance of recognizing parents as a resource force in the educational process is indicated. It was concluded that the issue of pedagogical partnership between school and family requires further comprehensive study, in particular in terms of analyzing the effectiveness of traditional and innovative approaches used by general secondary education institutions.

Cultural approach as a factor in improving the quality of professional training of future office workers in higher education institutions

Tetiana Chernigovets — 2025-07-12

The article examines the theoretical and methodological principles of the cultural approach to the professional training of higher education applicants at the bachelor's and master’s levels (as future office workers) under the Educational Program «Document Studies and Information Activities». The study is updated by the Strategy for the Development of Higher Education in Ukraine for 2022–2032, many years of experience of the Department of Document Communications and Management of the Rivne State Humanitarian University; the orientation of graduates regarding professional activity in the field of office practice in Ukraine; the growing requirements of employers for the cultural component of the professional competencies of office workers in accordance with qualification requirements (national and European).

The purpose of the study: to reveal the essence and potential of the cultural approach in the professional training of future office workers in the educational process of a higher education institution. The essence and specificity of the cultural approach in the training of future office workers in higher education institutions are highlighted, as well as the pedagogical strategy for implementing the cultural content of educational components.

They provide cognitive, axiological, creative and professional aspects of training a multifunctional specialist, taking into account primary positions and career prospects in the field of document science, information activities, document and information communication and management of document and information processes. It is proven that the cultural approach contributes to improving the quality of professional training and cultural competence of future office workers in higher education institutions.

Characteristic features of cult orthodox singing music performance in Ukraine

Ihor Kharyton — 2025-07-12

The article examines the cult singing music of Ukrainian Orthodoxy, from the point of view of interpreting its characteristic features, literally on the entire perimeter of the phenomenon's materiality.

First of all, within the framework of the specified research direction, the author of the article turns to a typical analysis of the specifics of the literary and poetic segment of church music-making in its multi-genre (hymns, psalms, antiphons, tropars, kondaks, canons, stichira, etc.) self-expression.

The next set of presented arguments is aimed at tracing the effective mechanisms of the metamorphosis of the sacred poetics of the studied phenomenon to the level of its proper musical and aesthetic expression.

Summarizing the presented considerations, the author of the publication argues that the specificity of the characteristic features of the cult singing music-making of Ukrainian Orthodoxy is reduced to the content of the artistic imagery of the phenomenon, built by the logic of the syncretic interaction of the literary and poetic component of the phenomenon under study with the progressiveness of its musical self-expression, as a result of which church cult chants are transformed to the level of their own attractiveness, giving rise to recipient of a feeling of indescribable joy, triumph, unquestioning faith in the sung, as well as catharsis, as a special and highest form of tragedy, in which the emotion of shock that accompanies it does not oppress this recipient of information with its doom, but «cleanses» and «enlightens» him. It is this feature of the artistic imagery of the cult Orthodox singing music-making that contributes to the progressive reproducibility of more and more new sacred-artistic cult ritual schemes, enriched with these chara... .